Jobs and Work Ethics

Let's focus on the /əʊ/ sound. Say it with me: /əʊ/ as in 'go'. Let's practise with some words. First, 'home' — /h/ + /əʊ/ + /m/ — home. What does it mean? Your house, your place. Next, 'goat' — like the animal we see here in Kenya. /ɡ/ + /əʊ/ + /t/ — goat. Can you say that? 'bowl' — the thing you eat from. /b/ + /əʊ/ + /l/ — bowl. Here's a sentence that uses all these words: 'The goat herder goes home.' A goat herder — that's a job many people have here. Listen for the /əʊ/ sound in 'goat', 'goes', and 'home'. Let me read it: The goat herder goes home. Finally, let's compare /əʊ/ with a similar sound you might know: /ɔː/ as in 'law'. Say 'low' (/əʊ/) and 'law' (/ɔː/). Can you hear the difference? The /əʊ/ sound glides, while /ɔː/ stays steady. Practise this at home: boat vs bought, coat vs caught.

These are groups of words that help us describe amounts. For example, we say 'a lot of' to mean a big amount, 'a few' for a small countable amount, and 'many' for a large countable amount. At the screen. Phrasal quantifiers describe amounts. The most common ones are 'a lot of', 'a few', and 'many'. Notice that 'a lot of' can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns, while 'a few' and 'many' are only for countable nouns. We'll see examples in a moment. Think about people who work with their hands, like carpenters, farmers, or traders. They often need to talk about amounts of materials or people. Here is a carpenter's workshop. The carpenter has a lot of work to do. He also needs a few tools and has many customers. Can you see how 'a lot of' describes the work (uncountable), 'a few' describes the tools (countable), and 'many' describes the customers (countable)? Let's remember this rule: 'a few' and 'many' go with countable nouns like tools, chairs, students. 'A lot of' can go with both — for example, 'a lot of water' (uncountable) and 'a lot of books' (countable). Keep that in your notes! Here is a Kenyan example: 'A lot of farmers grow maize.' Maize is an uncountable noun here — we cannot say 'a few maize' or 'many maize'. We use 'a lot of'. Can you think of other things that farmers grow a lot of? Maybe a lot of beans, or a lot of vegetables. Done, everyone! Today we learned that phrasal quantifiers like 'a lot of', 'a few', and 'many' help us describe amounts. Remember: use 'a few' and 'many' with countable nouns, and use 'a lot of' with both. Keep practicing with examples from your daily life. See you next time!

Let us begin with a fun activity. First, take a good look at the picture on the slide. What do you see? I want you to notice the people, the activities, and the environment. This is a picture of a busy Kenyan marketplace. There are many people selling fruits, vegetables, and other goods. Some are talking to customers, others are arranging their stalls. To write a good composition, we follow a structure. First, describe what you see – the colours, the items, the people. Second, talk about the actions – what are they doing? Third, include work ethics like hard work and honesty. For example, the vendors wake up early and serve customers truthfully. She smiles at every customer and counts change carefully. She works hard from morning until evening, and she never cheats anyone. This shows honesty and diligence.' Now it is your turn! Try writing one or two sentences about the picture.

These values help us become better people and better citizens in Kenya. First, let's talk about integrity. Integrity means doing the right thing even when nobody is watching. For example, imagine a shopkeeper who gives you the correct change even if you forget to count it. That person has integrity. Or think of a student who doesn't copy during a test — that's integrity too. It's about being honest and trustworthy every day. Next, hard work. Hard work means giving your best effort every day, even when the task is difficult. Think of a farmer who wakes up early every morning to tend to their crops, rain or shine. They don't give up when the soil is dry or when pests come. That's hard work. Or consider a teacher who prepares lessons carefully to help you learn. Hard work helps us achieve our goals and take care of our families. These two values — integrity and hard work — are so important that the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development includes them in our lessons under citizenship and personal responsibility. When you practice integrity and work hard, you become a responsible citizen who helps make Kenya a better place. I'd like us to think a bit deeper about how these values show up in our own lives.